finemapping/colocalisation

Objective: This paper introduced prop-coloc-cond, a novel frequentist test of proportional colocalization designed to assess whether two traits share the same causal genetic variants in a specific genomic region.
Methodological Advance: The key innovation is that the test formally accounts for the uncertainty introduced by selecting the relevant genetic variants (e.g., through fine-mapping) before testing for proportionality, which ensures accurate Type I error control.
Role in Research: This test provides a valuable complement to existing Bayesian colocalization methods, offering robust evidence based on different statistical assumptions, particularly useful when Bayesian results are inconclusive or sensitive to prior choices.